2024年7月1日 · surgical airways can also be performed awake, using local anaesthesia; INDICATIONS. In general, awake intubation should be preferred if: airway does not need to be immediately secured (i.e. sufficient time for preparation) significant risk of a difficult airway; low risk of vomiting; compliant patient

2023年12月1日 · Awake tracheal intubation (ATI) involves placing an endotracheal tube in a spontaneously breathing, awake or lightly-moderately sedated patient, most commonly with a flexible intubating scope or video laryngoscope.

Principle findings: Benzodiazepines, propofol, opioids, alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists, and ketamine are the main classes of drugs that have been described to facilitate AFOI. Drugs that are most suitable have a combination of both anxiolytic and analgesic properties.

2019年11月14日 · We highlight key areas of awake tracheal intubation in which specific recommendations were made, which included: indications; procedural setup; checklists; oxygenation; airway topicalisation; sedation; verification of tracheal tube position; complications; management of unsuccessful awake tracheal intubation; post-tracheal intubation management;...

2014年4月25日 · Drugs commonly used for sedation during awake intubation tend to be either primarily anxiolytic or analgesic, although some newer agents demonstrate both properties. The safety of awake intubation relies on the maintenance of spontaneous breathing, and the ability to stop and perform a different technique, such as awake tracheostomy, if ...

When masked ventilation or intubation is suspected to be difficult, such as those with complicated anatomy, angioedema or cannot tolerate supine positioning. Patient must be compliant and ideally should have a low risk of vomiting. Patient refusal or inability to cooperate.

Awake tracheal intubation (ATI) is defined as successful placement of a tracheal tube in a patient who is awake and breathing spontaneously. It comprises several techniques aimed at successfully securing the airway of patients in whom factors may …

We conducted a systematic review and network meta‐analysis to determine the sedation techniques most likely to be associated with successful tracheal intubation, a shorter time to successful intubation and a lower risk of arterial oxygen desaturation.

When endotracheal intubation is planned in an awake state under topical anaesthesia, a combination of premedicant drugs is used to allay anxiety, provide a clear and dry airway, and prevent aspiration of gastric contents. Intravenous (IV) midazolam in a dose of 20 to 40 μg/kg, repeated every 5 min as needed, is used to achieve the desired ...

This module covers the medications used during an awake bronchoscopic intubation – anti-sialogogues, local anesthetics, vasoconstrictors and sedatives. Choosing and delivering medication for an awake bronchoscopic intubation follows multiple RULES OF 3 .