What are El Nino and La Nina? - NOAA's National Ocean Service
During normal conditions in the Pacific ocean, trade winds blow west along the equator, taking warm water from South America towards Asia. To replace that warm water, cold water rises from the depths — a process called upwelling. El Niño and La Niña are two opposing climate patterns that break these normal conditions.
El Niño and La Niña: Frequently asked questions
2016年1月18日 · Periods of weaker- or stronger-than-average easterly trade winds initiate El Niño and La Niña. By disrupting the atmospheric circulation in the planet's largest ocean basin, El Niño shifts the average location and strength of the mid-latitude jet sreams, producing "side effects" on weather around the globe.
El Niño–Southern Oscillation - Wikipedia
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a global climate phenomenon that emerges from variations in winds and sea surface temperatures over the tropical Pacific Ocean. Those variations have an irregular pattern but do have some semblance of cycles.
El Niño & La Niña (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) - NOAA …
2024年11月14日 · El Niño and La Niña are the warm and cool phases of a natural climate pattern across the tropical Pacific known as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, or “ENSO” for short. The pattern shifts back and forth irregularly every two to seven years, bringing predictable changes in ocean temperature and disrupting the normal wind and rainfall ...
El Niño and La Niña - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2015年7月1日 · What is El Niño? What is La Niña? An El Niño condition occurs when surface water in the equatorial Pacific becomes warmer than average and east winds blow weaker than normal. The opposite condition is called La Niña. During this phase of ENSO, the water is cooler than normal and the east winds are stronger.
El Niño vs. La Niña: What is the Difference and How Do They …
2024年12月11日 · What Is El Niño? El Niño is characterized by the warming of sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. Typically, trade winds blow from east to west across the Pacific, pushing warm surface waters toward Asia, which allows cooler water to rise to the surface near the Americas.
Definitions of El Niño, La Niña and ENSO | El Nino Theme Page
El Niño (EN) is characterized by a large scale weakening of the trade winds and warming of the surface layers in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific Ocean. El Niño events occur irregularly at intervals of 2-7 years, although the average is about once every 3-4 years.
El Niño - National Geographic Society
2024年12月9日 · During an El Niño event, westward-blowing trade winds weaken along the Equator. These changes in air pressure and wind speed cause warm surface water to move eastward along the Equator, from the western Pacific to the coast of northern South America.
El Niño / La Niña - World Meteorological Organization
2024年12月11日 · Positive SST anomalies, above a given threshold, are usually indicative of an El Niño (ENSO warm phase) leading to weakening of easterly winds. The negative anomalies are associated with La Niña (ENSO cool phase) and the easterly winds become stronger.
El Niño and La Niña Explained | Ocean Today - National Oceanic …
These strong trade winds are a signature of what is called La Niña, unusually cold conditions in the tropical Pacific that displace the Jet Stream northward. La Niña can lead to drought in the southern US and cooler temperatures, heavy rains and flooding in the Pacific Northwest.
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