facet hypertrophy Percutaneous laser discectomy Same as standard microdiscectomy History of previous lumbar surgery, workman's compensation, stenosis, facet hypertrophy, free fragment Artificial ...

Past surgical history: Chemonucleolysis L4-L5 and right knee surgery ... in the bilateral lateral calf and his whole foot, bilaterally. An MRI scan revealed severe spinal canal stenosis at ...

of PTED compared with open microdiscectomy in patients with lumbar disc herniation.20 Results of the effectiveness analyses suggest that PTED is non–inferior to open microdiscectomy in leg pain ...